Constitution > Article I > Section 2
Constitution > Article I > Section 9 - Limits on Congress
Enumeration Clause/Census Clause
Article I, Section 2, Clause 3
Representatives and direct Taxes shall be apportioned among the several States which may be included within this Union, according to their respective Numbers, which shall be determined by adding to the whole Number of free Persons, including those bound to Service for a Term of Years, and excluding Indians not taxed, three fifths of all other Persons. The actual Enumeration shall be made within three Years after the first Meeting of the Congress of the United States, and within every subsequent Term of ten Years, in such Manner as they shall by Law direct. The Number of Representatives shall not exceed one for every thirty Thousand, but each State shall have at Least one Representative; and until such enumeration shall be made, the State of New Hampshire shall be entitled to chuse three, Massachusetts eight, Rhode-Island and Providence Plantations one, Connecticut five, New-York six, New Jersey four, Pennsylvania eight, Delaware one, Maryland six, Virginia ten, North Carolina five, South Carolina five, and Georgia three.
Article I, Section 9, Clause 4
No Capitation, or other direct, Tax shall be laid, unless in Proportion to the Census or enumeration herein before directed to be taken.
Related Resources
- United States Constitution
The Constitution of the United States.
- Constitution of Massachusetts
- Constitution of South Carolina
- Charles Pinckney: "Observations On The Plan of Government Submitted to The Federal Convention, in Philadelphia, on the 28th of May, 1787"
- Draft Sketch of Constitution by Edmund Randolph
- Theodore Foster's Minutes of the Rhode Island Ratification Convention
- A Federal Republican: A Review of the Constitution
- Amendments to the Constitution
- Madison's Resolution for Amendments to the Constitution
- Amendments Proposed by the Virginia Convention
- Thomas Lloyd's Notes of the Pennsylvania Ratification Convention
- The Congressional Register
- James Madison's Notes of the Constitutional Convention
- James Madison's Notes of the Constitutional Convention
- James Madison's Notes of the Constitutional Convention
- North Carolina Ratification Convention Debates
- Journal Notes of the Virginia Ratification Convention Proceedings
- House Resolution and Articles of Amendments
- Francis Childs' Notes of the New York Ratification Debates
- NY Ratification Convention Debates and Proceedings